Synopsis
This Chapter is known as “Division of Field and Knower of the Field”.
It explains relationship between Body, Soul and the God.
The God enshrined in the soul enjoys the actions of Nature and its attributes. He creates Nature and enjoys its attributes while pervading the whole Universe.
अर्जुन उवाच
प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव क्षेत्रं क्षेत्रज्ञमेव च।
एतद्वेदितुमिच्छामि ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं च केशव।।13.1।।
ARJUN SPOKE
O Krishn, I want to know about,
Nature, Purush, and knowledge.
What is worth knowing and what is Field,
And who is Knower of the Field.
Chapter 13.2
श्री भगवानुवाच
इदं शरीरं कौन्तेय क्षेत्रमित्यभिधीयते।
एतद्यो वेत्ति तं प्राहुः क्षेत्रज्ञ इति तद्विदः।।13.2।।
SHREE BHAGWAN SAID
This body Arjun, is termed as field,
And the one who knows this
Is known as knower of the field.
Chapter 13.3
क्षेत्रज्ञं चापि मां विद्धि सर्वक्षेत्रेषु भारत।
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्ज्ञानं यत्तज्ज्ञानं मतं मम।।13.3।।
I am the knower of all fields and in all fields I stay,
Knowing about the knower,
And about the field is knowledge, I say.
Chapter 13.4
तत्क्षेत्रं यच्च यादृक् च यद्विकारि यतश्च यत्।
स च यो यत्प्रभावश्च तत्समासेन मे श्रृणु।।13.4।।
What is the field, what are its attributes,
What changes it undergoes,
And who is the knower,
What is his influence, listen briefly here.
Chapter 13.5
ऋषिभिर्बहुधा गीतं छन्दोभिर्विविधैः पृथक्।
ब्रह्मसूत्रपदैश्चैव हेतुमद्भिर्विनिश्िचतैः।।13.5।।
The sages have described,
That in many verses,
Presented in words of Ved,
With reasons and arguments.
Chapter 13.6
महाभूतान्यहङ्कारो बुद्धिरव्यक्तमेव च।
इन्द्रियाणि दशैकं च पञ्च चेन्द्रियगोचराः।।13.6।।
Ego, Intellect, and Five Elements,
Ten organs of perception and for action various,
Five senses and mind obvious.
इच्छा द्वेषः सुखं दुःखं सङ्घातश्चेतनाधृतिः।
एतत्क्षेत्रं समासेन सविकारमुदाहृतम्।।13.7।।
Desire and aversion, joy and pain, courage and consciousness,
Field is all this, along with their attributes.
अमानित्वमदम्भित्वमहिंसा क्षान्तिरार्जवम्।
आचार्योपासनं शौचं स्थैर्यमात्मविनिग्रहः।।13.8।।
Humility, nonviolence, no hypocrisy and cleanliness,
Devout service to the Guru, control of senses.
इन्द्रियार्थेषु वैराग्यमनहङ्कार एव च।
जन्ममृत्युजराव्याधिदुःखदोषानुदर्शनम्।।13.9।।
No concern of birth and death,
Not thinking about old age and evils,
Absence of pride, aversion to desires.
असक्ितरनभिष्वङ्गः पुत्रदारगृहादिषु।
नित्यं च समचित्तत्वमिष्टानिष्टोपपत्तिषु।।13.10।।
Non attachment to property, spouse and son,
Firmness of mind, and seclusion,
In favorable and adverse condition.
मयि चानन्ययोगेन भक्ितरव्यभिचारिणी।
विविक्तदेशसेवित्वमरतिर्जनसंसदि।।13.11।।
Constant devotion to me,
Without desire any,
Living in seclusion at places holy,
Taking no interest in company worldly.
Chapter 13.12
अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यत्वं तत्त्वज्ञानार्थदर्शनम्।
एतज्ज्ञानमिति प्रोक्तमज्ञानं यदतोन्यथा।।13.12।।
Concentrated in self-knowledge,
Seeing God as representation of all knowledge,
All this is said to be true knowledge.
Rest all is ignorance you should acknowledge.
ज्ञेयं यत्तत्प्रवक्ष्यामि यज्ज्ञात्वाऽमृतमश्नुते।
अनादिमत्परं ब्रह्म न सत्तन्नासदुच्यते।।13.13।।
Now I will tell you, what needs to be known,
Knowing which supreme bliss you will attain,
The bliss which has no end or beginning,
Master I am of that, which is neither being nor nonbeing.
सर्वतः पाणिपादं तत्सर्वतोऽक्षिशिरोमुखम्।
सर्वतः श्रुतिमल्लोके सर्वमावृत्य तिष्ठति।।13.14।।
On all sides it has hands, feet and heads,
Also eyes all around and ears.
Thus though pervading the whole Universe,
Away from it remains.
सर्वेन्द्रियगुणाभासं सर्वेन्द्रियविवर्जितम्।
असक्तं सर्वभृच्चैव निर्गुणं गुणभोक्तृ च।।13.15।।
Though source of all sense objects,
Yet devoid of all senses.
Though their sustainer,
Yet unattached to beings.
Master and enjoyer of all attributes,
Yet not part of their doings.
बहिरन्तश्च भूतानामचरं चरमेव च।
सूक्ष्मत्वात्तदविज्ञेयं दूरस्थं चान्तिके च तत्।।13.16।।
Within and without it is existing,
In beings moving or nonmoving.
Being so small and incomprehensible therefore,
Being so near, yet it is so far.
अविभक्तं च भूतेषु विभक्तमिव च स्थितम्।
भूतभर्तृ च तज्ज्ञेयं ग्रसिष्णु प्रभविष्णु च।।13.17।।
Though divided it appears,
In beings all.
It is indivisible, the source, the sustainer
And also destroyer of all.
ज्योतिषामपि तज्ज्योतिस्तमसः परमुच्यते।
ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं ज्ञानगम्यं हृदि सर्वस्य विष्ठितम्।।13.18।।
The supreme one is the light of all lights,
It is the dark of darkness.
It is the knowledge, knower and the knowledge object,
And dwelling in everyone’s heart.
Chapter 13.19
इति क्षेत्रं तथा ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं चोक्तं समासतः।
मद्भक्त एतद्विज्ञाय मद्भावायोपपद्यते।।13.19।।
This is the knowledge of field,
Who is knower and what is to be known is explained.
Only my devotees can understand this fully,
And knowing this they attain me certainly.
Chapter 13.20
प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव विद्ध्यनादी उभावपि।
विकारांश्च गुणांश्चैव विद्धि प्रकृतिसंभवान्।।13.20।।
The pair of Nature and Purush
Is without any beginning,
All attributes and their ramifications
Are Nature’s doing.
Chapter 13.21
कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते।
पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते।।13.21।।
The Nature is responsible,
For physical happenings,
And the soul for feeling,
Sorrows and pleasure enjoying.
Chapter 13.22
पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान्।
कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु।।13.22।।
The Purush, in association with Nature
Enjoys threefold gunas,
Good or evil rebirth,
Depends upon attachment to these gunas.
Chapter 13.23
उपद्रष्टाऽनुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः।
परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः।।13.23।।
The soul residing in body,
Undergoes these experiences fully.
It is also controller, approver
And actually the Divine Master.
Chapter 13.24
य एवं वेत्ति पुरुषं प्रकृतिं च गुणैःसह।
सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि न स भूयोऽभिजायते।।13.24।।
One who understands this relation,
Between Purush and Nature for certain,
Whatever stage in present he may remain,
He will not take birth again.
Chapter 13.25
ध्यानेनात्मनि पश्यन्ति केचिदात्मानमात्मना।
अन्ये सांख्येन योगेन कर्मयोगेन चापरे।।13.25।।
Few realize the supreme within,
By gaining knowledge with discipline.
Some by concentrated meditation,
And others by desireless action.
Chapter 13.26
अन्ये त्वेवमजानन्तः श्रुत्वाऽन्येभ्य उपासते।
तेऽपि चातितरन्त्येव मृत्युं श्रुतिपरायणाः।।13.26।।
Some not having this knowledge,
Start meditating or, listening from others they manage.
They also due to devoted listening,
Cross the path of living and dying.
Chapter 13.27
यावत्सञ्जायते किञ्चित्सत्त्वं स्थावरजङ्गमम्।
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञसंयोगात्तद्विद्धि भरतर्षभ।।13.27।।
O’ great one, know that all that is born,
Moving or nonmoving, has emerged,
Due to union of field,
And the knower of field.
Chapter 13.28
समं सर्वेषु भूतेषु तिष्ठन्तं परमेश्वरम्।
विनश्यत्स्वविनश्यन्तं यः पश्यति स पश्यति।।13.28।।
The Lord Supreme, he who sees,
As residing equally in all, and is imperishable,
In this world perishable,
He alone really sees.
Chapter 13.29
समं पश्यन्हि सर्वत्र समवस्थितमीश्वरम्।
न हिनस्त्यात्मनाऽऽत्मानं ततो याति परां गतिम्।।13.29।।
By seeing the Lord equally present in all,
He does not allow himself at all,
To have feeling of decline in his thought,
And reaches the Supreme resort.
Chapter 13.30
प्रकृत्यैव च कर्माणि क्रियमाणानि सर्वशः।
यः पश्यति तथाऽऽत्मानमकर्तारं स पश्यति।।13.30।।
He, who sees,
The Nature as actual performer,
And self as nonperformer,
He alone really sees, very clear.
Chapter 13.31
यदा भूतपृथग्भावमेकस्थमनुपश्यति।
तत एव च विस्तारं ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा।।13.31।।
All different beings, when he sees,
Are only manifestations of one power supreme,
And their spread too, is in same power supreme,
At once, he attains the state supreme.
Chapter 13.32
अनादित्वान्निर्गुणत्वात्परमात्मायमव्ययः।
शरीरस्थोऽपि कौन्तेय न करोति न लिप्यते।।13.32।।
O’ son of Kuntee, having no attributes,
And no beginning,
This imperishable Supreme Being,
Neither gets affected nor does anything.
Chapter 13.33
यथा सर्वगतं सौक्ष्म्यादाकाशं नोपलिप्यते।
सर्वत्रावस्थितो देहे तथाऽऽत्मा नोपलिप्यते।।13.33।।
As the Space being subtle in nature,
Does not get contaminated,
Similarly the soul being that spirit in body,
By body attributes it does not get affected.
Chapter 13.34
यथा प्रकाशयत्येकः कृत्स्नं लोकमिमं रविः।
क्षेत्रं क्षेत्री तथा कृत्स्नं प्रकाशयति भारत।।13.34।।
Like the Sun illuminates the whole world,
The soul too illuminates the whole field.
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोरेवमन्तरं ज्ञानचक्षुषा।
भूतप्रकृतिमोक्षं च ये विदुर्यान्ति ते परम्।।13.35।।
By seeing the difference,
Between the field and knower of the field,
With eyes of wisdom,
The wise ones know the method,
Of getting freedom,
And reaching the state supreme.
